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The Vinland Sagas are two texts written independently of each other in the early 13th century— The Saga of the Greenlanders ( Grænlendinga Saga) and The Saga of Erik the Red ( Eiríks Saga Rauða). The sagas were written down between 1220 and 1280 and describe events occurring around 970–1030.

The Saga of Erik the Red and The Saga of the Greenlanders both contain different accounts of voyages to . The name Vinland, meaning "Wineland," is attributed to the discovery of grapevines upon the arrival of in . The Vinland Sagas represent the most complete information available regarding the Norse exploration of the Americas, although due to Iceland's oral tradition, they cannot be deemed completely historically accurate and include contradictory details. However, historians commonly believe these sources contain substantial evidence of exploration of through the descriptions of topography, natural resources, and native culture. In comparing the events of both books, a realistic timeline can be created.

The veracity of the Sagas was supported by the discovery and excavation of a settlement in Newfoundland, . Research done in the early 1960s by Norwegian explorer and his wife, archaeologist Anne Stine Ingstad, identified this settlement located at what is now the L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site of Canada.


Translations
English translations of both of the Vinland sagas can be found in the following works:


In Popular Culture
The manga and anime series, Vinland Saga is a semi-fictionalized version and expansion of the Saga of the Greenlanders and Erik the Red depicting a fictional backstory of Thorfinn Karlsefni wherein he participates in and later conquest of England as a and later becomes a slave before committing his own expedition to Vinland.


Notes
  • Brown, Nancy Marie (2012) Song of the Vikings: Snorri and the Making of Norse Myths (Palgrave Macmillan)
  • (2007) Voyages To Vinland – The First American Saga Newly Translated And Interpreted (Barzun Press)
  • Hreinsson, Vidar (1997) The Complete Sagas of Icelanders (Leifur Eiriksson Publishing, Reykjavik, Iceland)


Further reading


External links

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